Organization Economic Cooperation and Development

From L-R: Working Group Co-Chair Basile van Havre; CBD Deputy Executive Secretary David Cooper; and Jyoti Mathur-Filipp, CBD Secretariat The second meeting of the Working Group on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (WG) resumed on Friday, with the first meeting of the fourth contact group on sections of the zero draft on the post-2020 global biodiversity framework (GBF), clustered under, “tools and solutions for implementation and mainstreaming.” During lunch, delegates participated in an information session on the role of the financial and business sectors in implementing the GBF.  Ines Verleye, Belgium, and Luciana Melchert, Brazil, reported on a thematic workshop on Resource Mobilization for the GBF, held in Berlin from 14 to 16 January 2020. Verleye noted that the business and private sector is willing to engage, but is having difficulty finding ways and places to “dance together” with governments.Marco Lambertini, WWF International, called for the parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) to ensure clear targets for nature, commensurate to the carbon neutrality target in the Paris Agreement on climate change, for government, business, and civil society to rally around. Katia Karousakis, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), presented on the finance, economic, and business case for action on biodiversity, and a report prepared for the Meeting of the G7 Environment Ministers to be held in May 2020. She called for the CBD to create a multi-stakeholder advisory group on biodiversity, business, and finance. Akanksha Khatri, World Economic Forum, presented a suit of reports under the theme, “the New Nature Economy.” She outlined that this work has classified threats to biodiversity from three socio-economic systems as well as the transitions needed in these sectors, namely: food, land, and ocean use; infrastructure and the built environment; and energy and extractives. Stephan Hirschi and Antonios Koumbarakis, PwC Switzerland, presented the report “Nature is too big to fail – Biodiversity: the next frontier in financial risk management.” Hirschi noted different financial risks associated with biodiversity loss, inter alia: increased costs of capital or lending requirements; increased insurance claims; increased risk of default; loss of investment value related to reputational risks; and changes in business market value. In the afternoon plenary, delegates heard report-backs from the co-leads of contact groups, outlining progress achieved and presenting the conference room papers that would provide inputs for redrafting the GBF.With only one more day of negotiations left, delegates entered Friday’s agenda optimistic that the steady progress made over the week would not be interrupted by the fears of the Coronavirus reaching Rome. The updates by the CBD Secretariat that the morning health checks at the entrance of the meeting venue have not yielded any cases of concern further reassured delegates that their choice to remain in Rome was not just a leap of faith, but a worthwhile decision for the good of the future GBF. Much praise was heard throughout the day for the spirit of cooperation and compromise that has prevailed in contact groups and plenary. To this regard Co-Lead of the contact group on reducing threats to biodiversity Wadzi Goredema-Mandivenyi (South Africa) reflected that, “the spirit of colleagueship was felt, making the task of co-leads pleasant and I hope this atmosphere will follow the WG from Rome to Cali.” IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, provided daily digital coverage. Α summary and analysis report from the 2nd Meeting of the Open-ended Working Group on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework is available in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Mike Muzurakis For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Plenary Session Working Group Co-Chairs Francis Ogwal and Basile van Havre Jane Stratford and Andrew Stott, UK Evelyn Vera Barreto, Mexico Working Group Co-Chairs and Secetariat conferring Takafumi Osawa, Japan Ana Kobašlić, EU Ángela Teves Libarona, Argentina Carolina Díaz Acosta, Colombia Wadzanayi Goredema-Mandivenyi, South Africa The Colombian delegation From L-R: Dolores Amelia Arreguín Prado; Ana Di Pangracio; and Mrinalini Rai, CBD Women Caucus From L-R: Joaquín Salzberg; Ángela Teves Libarona; and Luciano Martín Donadio Linares, Argentina Contact Groups From L-R: Kathryn Garforth, CBD Secretariat; Contact Group 4 Co-Lead Teona Karchava, Georgia; Contact Group 4 Co-Lead Charlotta Sörqvist, Sweden; and Erie Tamale, CBD Secretariat Daniel Wai-Poi, New Zealand John Clorley, UK Norbert Bärlocher, Switzerland, with Alexander Shestakov, CBD Secretariat Yassir Ahmed Hassan Nasr, Qatar, with Serhat Erbaş, Turkey Inna Romanchenko, Russian Federation, and Saeid Soufizadeh, Iran Jorge Murillo, Colombia Alexander Shestakov, CBD Secretariat, and Working Group Co-Chair Basile van Havre Giovanni Ruta, World Bank Luciano Martin Donadio Linares, Argentina Yangzhao Sun, China Information Session 5: The role of the Financial and Business Sectors in Implementing the Post-2020 Framework View of the dais during the session Marco Lambertini, WWF International Katia Karousakis, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Ines Verleye, Belgium  

Participants of the Children and Youth Roundtable pose with Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond, Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on the UN’s 75th Anniversary. WUF10 continued with two dialogues in the morning, including one on Urban Planning and Heritage Preservation – Regeneration, during which UN-Habitat Executive Director Maimunah Mohd Sharif stressed the importance of preserving heritage sites and buildings in cities, saying “once it is lost, it will only be retrieved at great cost.” Another dialogue focused on Partnerships and Initiatives Supporting Culture and Innovation in Cities, during which panelists called for implementing cost-effective mobility solutions for millions of urban dwellers in the global South and promoting social entrepreneur ecosystems and economic development to “uplift people and the planet.”In the afternoon, three roundtables convened, including one for children and youth representatives from different continents to express views on sustainable urban development. They circulated a petition calling for the Executive Director of UN-Habitat and the Deputy Executive Director of UN Environment Programme (UNEP) to declare a climate emergency, and urged the UN to stop organizing “tokenistic” youth summits, and instead ensure youth have a seat at a table. In a roundtable for traditional authorities, panelists underscored that millennia-old, culturally embedded traditional institutions cannot be destroyed by modern legal decisions, and discussed how traditional authorities and governments can have mutually beneficial relationships.Side events and special sessions continued into the evening, including a session on Affordable Housing Innovation to Foster Cities' Culture and Diversity, which heard interventions from a range of governments, international and regional organizations, and private sector representatives on, among others, efforts to reduce the cost of housing through data centralization and reducing delays in housing provision through e-governance and reduced bureaucracy. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB+ Meeting Coverage, provided daily web coverage and daily reports from WUF10. In addition, a summary report has also been produce in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Natalia Mroz For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Dialogue 5: Urban Planning and Heritage Preservation - Regeneration The panel (L-R): Moderator Dena Assaf; Jyoti Hosagrahar, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); Arbjan Mazniku, Deputy Mayor of Tirana, Albania; Shatha Al Mulla, Ministry of Culture and Knowledge Development, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Cameron Rashti, Aga Khan Trust for Culture; Milena Ivković, International Society of City and Regional Planners (ISOCARP); Inés Samudio, Minister of Housing and Land Management, Panama Moderator Dena Assaf Inés Samudio, Minister of Housing and Land Management, Panama Milena Ivković, ISOCARP Shatha Al Mulla, UAE Cameron Rashti, Aga Khan Trust for Culture Arbjan Mazniku, Deputy Mayor of Tirana, Albania Jyoti Hosagrahar, UNESCO Time keeping during the dialogues Alaina Beverly, University of Chicago Ahmed Eiweida, World Bank Dwinita Larasati, Indonesia Creative Cities Network Patrick Domingos Tembwa, REALL Participants pose questions and listen to the discussion. Dialogue 6: Partnerships and Initiatives Supporting Culture and Innovation in Cities Moderator Jason Pomeroy Mukhisa Kituyi, Secretary-General, UN Conference on Trade and Development Maruxa Cardama, Secretary General, Partnership on Sustainable Low Carbon Transport Siraj Sait, Noon Centre for Equality and Diversity Participants listen to the discussion. The second panel (L-R): Tulio Vazquez López, Inter-American Housing Union; Irina Ilina, Higher School of Economics University; Vladimir Bataev, Zaz Ventures; Marcela Villarreal, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO); moderator Jason Pomeroy Irina Ilina, Higher School of Economics University Vladimir Bataev, Zaz Ventures Marcela Villarreal, FAO Tulio Vazquez López, Inter-American Housing Union The third panel with moderator Jason Pomeroy on the dais Mamou Daffe, Arterial Network Bettina Tucci Bartsiotas, UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute Children and Youth Roundtable Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond, Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on the UN's 75th Anniversary A participant makes a comment. A participant raises his hand to ask a question. Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond takes comments from the floor. Participants of the Children and Youth Roundtable react to the discussion. Traditional Authorities Roundtable Drani Stephen Izakare, Paramount Chief of the Madi people Katepu Laoi, Minister of Local Government and Agriculture, Tuvalu Ana Lucy Bengochea Martínez, Wagucha Community Practitioner Platform El Boukhari Ben Essayouti, Head, Timbuktu Cultural Mission Abdoulaye Makhtar Diop, Chief of the Lebu people Fatima Mohamed El Fadol Adam, Mayor of Nyala Special Session: Affordable Housing Innovation to Foster Cities' Culture and Diversity Doris Andoni, National Housing Agency, Albania Sameh Wahba, World Bank Joaquim Oliveira Martins, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Moderator Patricia Peiró Aso Mourad Limam, McKinsey & Company Christophe Lalande, UN-Habitat Around the Venue Volunteers at the venue Food at the combined Polish and WUF11 booth A participant looks at the photo exhibition. Partcipant at the venue using the translation service.  

Highlights for Wednesday, 27 November 2019 Ilham Atho Mohamed, Maldives, chairing the morning session Delegates to the 23rd meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical, and Technological Advice (SBSTTA 23) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) met in plenary throughout the day to address sustainable wildlife management, technical and scientific cooperation, ecologically or biologically significant marine areas in the North-East Atlantic, and new and emerging issues. On sustainable wildlife management, Kristina Rodina, FAO, Secretary of the Collaborative Partnership on Sustainable Wildlife Management (CPW), urged parties to address the root causes of over-exploitation of wildlife and to recognize the contribution of sustainable wildlife management to sustainable livelihoods and local economic prosperity. Carolina Behe-Harris, Inuit Circumpolar Council, pleaded for the rights, values, practices, and traditions of indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) to be accurately reflected in the post-2020 process. Parties noted the importance of the sustainable use of biodiversity in wildlife management; the need to tackle illegal wildlife trade; national efforts to promote sustainable wildlife management; and the need for multidisciplinary collaboration among relevant fora. Many parties also highlighted the importance of scientific and technical cooperation for the implementation of the post-2020 framework. They also requested additional information on the budgetary and operational consequences of a range of options regarding relevant institutional mechanisms and modalities. A number of African countries underscored the need to meaningfully address digital sequence information and potential benefit-sharing arising from its use in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. An engaged discussion took place under the agenda item on new and emerging issues. While the long-standing discussion on whether synthetic biology fulfils the criteria for new and emerging issues attracted some attention, delegates also exchanged ideas on a suggestion regarding “open environmental transformation technologies," the open-air use of nucleic acids and proteins to alter traits, genes, or other kinds of genetic material. In the evening, delegates met in a contact group, co-chaired by Anne Teller (EU) and Jorge Murillo (Colombia), to discuss elements for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. They considered possible target themes and elements, including biodiversity and conservation outcomes, direct drivers, and the use and value of nature.For more details on the day’s negotiations and to hear what delegates said in the corridors, see our daily Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB). IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB Meeting Coverage, provided daily web coverage and daily reports from WG8J 11 and SBSTTA 23. In addition, IISD Reporting Services has published a summary and analysis report from the meetings in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Mike Muzurakis For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Carolina Behe-Harris, Inuit Circumpolar Council Kristina Rodina, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Adams Toussaint, St Lucia Caridad Canales, CBD Secretariat Naeem Ashraf Raja, Pakistan From L-R: Alexander Shestakov, CBD Secretariat; Ilham Atho Mohamed, Maldives; and Sarat Babu Gidda, CBD Secretariat Reinhard Schnidrig, Switzerland Larbi Sbaï, Morocco Angel Onofa, Ecuador Mosimanegape Nthaka, Botswana John Clorley, UK Bun Heng Sok, Cambodia Faisal Shuraim, Saudi Arabia Delegates from Like-Minded Mega Diverse countries, conferring during the lunch break. Adem Bilgin, Turkey, and Jerry Harrison, UN Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) SBSTTA 23 Chair Hesiquio Benítez Díaz, and Katia Karousakis, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) El Khitma El Awad Mohammed, Sudan Geneviève Lalumière, International Planning Committee for Food Sovereignty (IPC) Simon Nemtzov, Israel Ruth Spencer, Barnes Hill Community Development Organization Jessica Carvajal, Colombia Gono Semiadi, Indonesia Genene Tefera Belihu, Ethiopia Shirin Karryeva, Turkmenistan Room view during the contact group Around the Venue

Highlights for Wednesday, 16 October 2019 Participants enjoy a cultural programme in the evening The 2019 Budapest Water Summit resumed on Wednesday. Throughout the day, participants attended four sessions to continue discussing water crises, bringing together ministers and high-level representatives from Turkey, Switzerland, Uganda, and China, as well as representatives from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), multilateral development banks, international research centers, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ), the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), and national water utilities, among others. Hungarian President János Áder attended the science discussion in the afternoon.During the sessions, participants heard keynotes followed by panel discussions on: Water Stress and Migration - Is There a Way to Prevent Crisis? What is Needed for Doubling Investments? Technology to Avoid Water Crises - What is Missing? Science Against Water Crises - Do We Know Enough? On water stress and migration, panelists discussed water infrastructure for refugees, water risk modeling, the water cycle, and new models for economic development. Bekir Pakdemirli, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, Turkey, highlighted the significant investments made to upgrade water and sanitation infrastructure in refugee host cities and provinces, underlining that Turkey hosts the largest refugee population in the world.Nizar Zaied, Islamic Development Bank (IsDB), linked migration movements and water scarcity hotspots, stressing the importance of mobilizing resources to reduce vulnerabilities of populations at risk for environmentally-induced migration. On investments for water security, panelists discussed challenges to link financiers to implementing agencies.Diverging views on subsidies added depth to the panel. Andreas Proksch, GIZ, opined that subsidies are necessary to achieve the sustainable development goal on water (SDG 6), while Prithvi Raj Singh, Jal Bhagirathi Foundation, worried that doubling investment in water leads to increased water resource exploitation. To support water investments, David Tyler, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, discussed the Green Cities programme as an example of a collaborative approach and Ákos Szalai, Head of Department, National Bank of Hungary, described the potential for central banks to use green bond portfolios.On technology in water crises, discussions focused on: tools for water efficiency; translating data to action and technology into practice; integrated systems; and the need for increased interdisciplinary work. Sam Cheptoris, Minister of Water and Environment, Uganda, identified the need for water efficiency, and encouraged investment and promotion of a number of technologies.Noting that 40% of WMO members lack established flood forecasting and warning services, Johannes Cullman, WMO, highlighted the World Water Data Initiative and making the human right to water access more prominent.Regarding science in water crises, intense discussion involved the role of science in: developing and communicating relevant knowledge to solve water challenges; assisting decision makers to manage competing interests; and enhancing monitoring of the SDGs.Charles Vörösmarty, City University of New York, set the stage for understanding scientific gaps in SDG 6, outlining “next generation” products to address those gaps.Claudia Sadoff, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), discussed research priorities, particularly in agriculture, climate and economic growth.A series of side events and a Digital and Nature-based Sustainable Solutions Expo took place in parallel to the Summit. In the evening, participants attended a reception and cultural programme at the Millenáris Park Conference Center. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB+ meeting coverage, provided daily digital coverage and daily reports from BWS 2019. In addition, IISD Reporting Services, has published a summary report in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Diego Noguera For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Session 4: Water Stress and Mass Migration – Is There a Way to Prevent Crisis? L-R: Moderator Ahmet Mete Saatçi, President, Turkish Water Institute; Nizar Zaied, IsDB; Wambui Gichuri, African Development Bank (AfDB); Charles Iceland, World Resources Institute (WRI); Isidro González, UfM; and Ciarán Ó Cuinn, Director, Middle East Desalination Research Centre (MEDRC) Bekir Pakdemirli, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, Turkey Nizar Zaied, IsDB Wambui Gichuri, AfDB Bai-Mass Taal, Former Executive Secretary, African Ministers’ Council on Water, asks a question to the panel Session 5: What Is Needed for Doubling Investments? L-R: Moderator Xavier Leflaive, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Miguel da Moura, National Agency for Water Sanitation (ANAS), Cape Verde; Pierre Victoria, Véolia; Ákos Szalai, National Bank of Hungary; David Tyler, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD); Andreas Proksch, GIZ; Prithvi Raj Singh, Jal Bhagirathi Foundation; Pio Wennubst, Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the UN Rome-based agencies; and Nikolay Kosov, International Investment Bank (IIB) Miguel da Moura, ANAS, Cape Verde Pierre Victoria, Véolia Session 6: Technology to Avoid Water Crises – What is Missing? L-R: Moderator Carlo Giupponi, Dean, Venice International University; Johannes Cullman, WMO; Sam Cheptoris, Minister of Water and Environment, Uganda; Joe Manous, US Army Corps of Engineers; István Kenyeres, Biopolus; Giovanni De Santi, Joint Research Centre, European Commission (EC); and Pierre Victoria, Véolia Johannes Cullman, WMO Henk Holtslag, The SMART Centre Group Sam Cheptoris, Minister of Water and Environment, Uganda Session 7: Science Against Water Crises: Do we Know Enough? L-R: Moderator János Bogárdi, University of Bonn; Charles Vörösmarty, City University of New York; Claudia Sadoff, IWMI; Taikan Oki, UN University, and Assistant, UN Secretary-General; Robert Varady, University of Arizona; and Klement Tockner, Austrian Science Fund Claudia Sadoff, IWMI Charles Vörösmarty, City University of New York Zhang Zhongyi, Ministry of Water Resources, China János Áder, President of Hungary, listens to panelists Around the Venue A view of the BWS 2019 Digital and Nature-based Sustainable Solutions Expo A view of the venue

Highlights for Tuesday, 15 October 2019 Budapest-based modern circus company, Recirquel, opened BWS 2019 with a mesmerizing water-themed performance. The third Budapest Water Summit opened in Budapest, Hungary on Tuesday to a mesmerizing water-themed dance performance by the Budapest-based and world-renowned modern circus company, Recirquel.Hungarian President János Áder gave opening remarks. He stressed that technologies are needed to mitigate and adapt to emerging water crises. Among the country’s successes, he noted Hungary has built over 4,200 kilometers of dykes, as well as water reservoirs to manage floods, and its investments in water quality mean that “rivers leaving our country are cleaner than when they arrive.”Samdech Hun Sen, Cambodian Prime Minister, discussed joint approaches and implementation mechanisms to promote cooperation and water security at regional and global levels.Via video message, UN Secretary-General, António Guterres expressed support to the Summit’s objective, noting that water is critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, and pointed to the UN’s commitment to pursue the human right to water. UN-Water Chair and International Fund for Agricultural Development President, Gilbert Houngbo, stressed the need for new political momentum and a transformational shift in how we value water.Jin Liqun, President, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), said water disasters cost the Asian economy US$360 billion per year, and reported that AIIB is developing a water strategy to guide the investment sector.Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Drinking Water and Sanitation, India, reported that water security is at the center of India’s development agenda, and underlined efforts to decentralize water governance and a campaign to “make water everyone’s business.”In the morning and afternoon, participants attended three sessions that brought together ministers and high-level representatives from Ghana, Jordan, Slovakia, the Netherlands, South Africa, and Slovenia as well as representatives of the EU and African Union (AU), multilateral development banks, the World Bank Group, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat, UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), and UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), among others, to discuss water crises. During the sessions, participants heard keynotes followed by panel discussions on: Can Water Crises Be Prevented? Value of Water vs. Costs of a Water Crisis - Are we Talking About the Same? Water Crises - What is the Economically Rational Behavior? On crises prevention, discussions included: technology to improve efficiency, promoting water as a tool for peace, behavior change via education of youth, investment that builds resilience, tiered pricing systems, and transboundary water governance. On water valuation and costs of crises, panelists raised a number of topics, including: reducing water consumption, valuing water at the individual level, access to water as a human right, local water governance, unlocking funding for water investment, building synergies such as the water-energy-climate nexus, and multistakeholder initiatives to address pollution.On economically rational behavior in water crises, discussion focused on how to deal with complexities in policy processes and the financial sector, including: voluntary agreements, economic incentives and models for integrated water resources management, flood forecasting and early warning systems, and risk assessments.A series of side events took place in parallel with the Summit. In the evening, participants attended a cultural programme and reception at the Palace of the Arts. IISD Reporting Services, through its ENB+ meeting coverage, provided daily digital coverage and daily reports from BWS 2019. In addition, IISD Reporting Services, has published a summary report in HTML and PDF. Photos by IISD/ENB | Diego Noguera For photo reprint permissions, please follow instructions at our Attribution Regulations for Meeting Photo Usage Page Inauguration Session Zsófia Tomaj, Master of Ceremonies János Áder, President of Hungary António Guterres, UN Secretary-General, addressed participants via a video message. Gilbert Houngbo, UN-Water Chair and IFAD President Samdech Hun Sen, Prime Minister, Cambodia Jin Liqun, AIIB President Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Drinking Water and Sanitation, India Press Conference János Áder, President of Hungary, and Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Drinking Water and Sanitation, India, addressing a press conference following the opening of the Summit. The media at BWS 2019 Session 1 - Can Water Crises Be Prevented? L-R: Moderator Bai-Mass Taal, Former Executive Secretary, African Ministers’ Council on Water; Raed Abu Al-Saud, Minister of Water and Irrigation, Jordan; Norbert Kurilla, Ministry of Environment, Slovak; Youssef Filali-Meknassi, UNESCO; Li Yong, UNIDO Director General; Rodolfo Lacy, OECD; and Cecilia Abena Dapaah, Minister of Sanitation and Water Resources, Ghana Moderator Bai-Mass Taal, Former Executive Secretary, African Ministers’ Council on Water Raed Abu Al-Saud, Minister of Water and Irrigation, Jordan Session 2: Value of Water vs. Costs of a Water Crisis – Are We Talking About the Same? L-R: Lindiwe Sisulu, Minister of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation, South Africa; Ahmat Awad Sakine, Permanent Representative of the AU to the EU; Pio Wennubst, Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), IFAD and the World Food Programme (WFP); Frank Rijsberman, Director General, Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI); Moderator Aaron Salzberg, Director, Water Institute, University of North Carolina; Olcay Ünver, Vice Chair, UN-Water; Elisabeth van Duin, Director, Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, the Netherlands; and Rochi Khemka, 2030 Water Resources Group Lindiwe Sisulu, Minister of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation, South Africa Ahmat Awad Sakine, Permanent Representative of the AU to the EU Session 3: Water Crises – What is the Economically Rational Behaviour? L-R: Martin Frick, Senior Director, Policy and Programme Coordination, UNFCCC Secretariat; Jennifer Sara, Global Director, Water Global Practice, World Bank Group; Simon Zajc, Minister of the Environment and Spatial Planning, Slovenia; Monika Weber-Fahr, Executive Secretary, Global Water Partnership (GWP); Joseph Siaw Agyepong, Executive Chairman, The Jospong Group; Ciarán Ó Cuinn, Director, Middle East Desalination Research Center; Karine Méasson, Head of Water Management Division, European Investment Bank (EIB); and Moderator María Concepción Donoso, Institute for Water and Environment, Florida International University, and Member of the International Programme and Drafting Committee of BWS 2019 Martin Frick, Senior Director, Policy and Programme Coordination, UNFCCC Secretariat Jennifer Sara, Global Director, Water Global Practice, World Bank Group Around the Venue